Green Synthesis and Characterization of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@AgVOₓ Magnetic Composites for Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution

Authors

  • Alaa Waleed Juma
  • Nuralhuda Aladdin Jasim Environmental and water Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Wasit University, Iraq
  • Alaa Kharbat Shadhar Environmental and water Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Wasit University, Iraq
  • Wisam Fawzi Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology (NIT), Mazendaran, Iran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31185/wjes.Vol14.Iss2.939

Keywords:

Green synthesis, TEM, AFM, MB, core/shell, supported, nanocomposite

Abstract

The growth of Iraq's textile sector has led to an increase in the use of synthetic dyes, which are harmful to the environment because they don't break down naturally. An eco-friendly process was used to create the magnetic composites Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@AgVOₜ, which had silica and silver vanadate coatings. Then, these composites were used to extract synthetic colors from water, such as methylene blue (MB). To create environmentally friendly nanomaterials that are both long-lasting and magnetically recoverable, an alternate green synthesis approach to the current standard could be used. The removal efficiency of the composites in the supported structure was determined to be 91%, while in the core-shell structure it was 87%. Because there were active regions available, the system's efficiency was slightly higher. Productive synthesis, strong magnetism, facile separation, and recyclable manufacturing were all validated by the characterisation procedure. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the iron core was uniformly shaped and adequately coated with silica and AgVO3. Findings point to a sustainable application of Fe3O4/SiO2/AgVO3 in wastewater treatment and other environmental cleaning initiatives for the removal of harmful synthetic dyes like Methylene Blue.

Author Biographies

  • Alaa Waleed Juma

    Environmental and water engineering department, College of Engineering, Wasit University

  • Nuralhuda Aladdin Jasim, Environmental and water Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Wasit University, Iraq

    civil department /college of engineering/Wasit university 

  • Alaa Kharbat Shadhar, Environmental and water Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Wasit University, Iraq

    Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Wasit University

  • Wisam Fawzi, Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology (NIT), Mazendaran, Iran

    Civil Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology (NIT), Mazendaran, Iran,

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Published

2026-06-01

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences

Section

Environmental Engineering

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Alaa Waleed Juma, Nuralhuda Aladdin Jasim, Alaa Kharbat Shadhar, Wisam Fawzi

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Juma, A., Jasim, N. A. J., Shadhar, A., & Fawzi, W. (2026). Green Synthesis and Characterization of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@AgVOₓ Magnetic Composites for Efficient Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution. Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences, 14(2), 504-521. https://doi.org/10.31185/wjes.Vol14.Iss2.939